Sardinia (Sardigna, Sardinna or even Sardinnia in the Sardinian language, Sardegna in Italian, Sardenya in Catalan), is the second big island in the Mediterranean Sea (Sicily is the largest), between Italy, Spain and Tunisia, south of Corsica. It forms a portion of Italy.

At a beginning of the nuragic age circa 1500 BC it was number 1 known as "Hyknusa" (latinized Ichnusa ) by the Greeks probably meaning island (nusa) of the Hyksos, the humans world health organization experienced upright been expelled by Amasis We of Egypt circthe 1540 BC & were by currently wanting to find a recently front yard . "Sandalyon" was her 2nd title probably due to its shape, recalling the footprint. Survive & present title has been Sardinia, for the Shardana , (who besides got been expelled inside Egypt by Ramses III circa 1180 BC )

Geography
Sardinia has an locality of 24,090 klick² & the people of Single.65 million. Sardinia is an autonomous vicinity of Italy. A regional capital is Cagliari. A area is divided into 4 provinces: Cagliari, Sassari, Nuoro and Oristano; another quaternion provinces (Olbia-Tempio, Ogliastra, Carbonia-Iglesias and Medio Campidano) have been proposed to enter consequence within 2005.

Look at as well: Sardinian towns

Sardinia is one of ii Italian regions whose indweller keep close at hand been recognised as a "popolo" (we.e. the distinct population) per Italian Parliament. A more vicinity is Veneto.

Tourism
A island contains many extraordinary tourer areas, including a Costa Smeralda and Gennargentu. A island is particularly far-famed for its beaches, but is as well rich inside more interesting site. Understand as well: Tourist destinations of Sardinia

Climate
A climate is mainly Mediterranean, by owning the warmly spring & fall, hot summertime, & modest wintertime. Sardinithe is suffering from either a multi-season drought, thought by some to become referable global warming.

Language
A virtually all spoken languages inside Sardinia come Italian & Sardinian, a Romance language with obscure roots in Phoenician, Etruscan language, and Touching Eastern languages. When it has been significantly supplanted by Italian for official purposes, Sardinian is still widely spoken within rural areas. In the northern regions of Gallura & Sassari, the language spoken is non Sardinian however a kind of Corsican (as around Corsica). In a island of San Pietro, the accent spoken is Ligurian, from either Genoa. In the city of Alghero to the north, the medieval accent of Catalan is still spoken (a title of the city within Catalan is ''Fifty'Alguer'') when the island was a Catalan colony it used to be that.

Business and commerce
Sardinia's currency (as a a portion of Italy) is today a Euro, but inside occasionally rural areas Sardinians however unofficially refer to su Francu (or even loc. "su Pidzu"); Ace francu = 1,000 previous Italian Lira.

Many gold and silver mines operate on the island.

A Sardinian economy is now focussed in tourism(peaking with a Costa Smeralda), industry, commerce, services and information technology; an increasing income is coming from its notable wines and gastronomy.

Transport
Trains on Sardinia attach a whole island however come like slow. A select few begin in narrow gauge track. Numerous tourer catch a "trenino verde" which diarrhea through the wildest area of the island. These are slow however it allows a traveler to own scenic views impossible to watch from either a highway. A train connects Cagliari to Arbatax south & Sassari to Palau northwards. It's extremely recommended to produce a hike from either Macomer to Bosa Marina, in which a train winds its way through a average Sardinian landscape to email a sea touching the coastal town of Bosa placed in the west of the island.

Environment
Sardinia occurs as preciously natural resources, containing hundreds to thousands of rare or even uncommon beast & plant metal money like a Mediterranean Monk Seal and the boar. It lacks numerous metal money instead, such as a viper and the marmot, which are obtained everyplace else on the continent.

History
View as well: History of Sardinia

Sardinia's history is very ancient. Inside 1979 human remains were found that were dated to 150,000 BC.

Within Prehistory Sardinia's inhabitants developed the trade obsidian, a stone utilized for the production of the number 1 rough out information, & this activity brought Sardinians into call for by owning virtually all of the Mediterranean people. Desiccated grapes, recently discovered inside many locations, were DNA tested & proved to become a oldest grapes in the globe, dating back to the Pyramids' & Mesopotamian’s era. A Cannonau wine is manufactured using these grapes & will qualify when a mother of all the European wines.

From either Neolithic times till the Roman Empire, the Nuragic civilisation took shape on the island. However in todays world, to a higher degree 7,000 Nuraghe survive. These are speculated that, among others, a Shardana people landed in Sardinia from either a eastern Mediterranean. Shardana had joined the Shekelesh and others to form the coalition of the Sea Peoples, but were defeated by Ramses III around 1180 BC in Egypt. Shardana and Shekelesh were also known when per Egyptians as a 'humans from either a faraway islands', implying that Shardana were already residents of Sardinia at the instance of the Egyptian expedition. This assertion holds a few truth, as a matter of fact virtually all of the tombe dei giganti have a tombstone molded rather a ship vertically poke into the ground witnessing to their sea touring activities. Based on data from a few linguistic studies, a town of Sardis in (Lydia) would develop been their starting point from either which it would have reached a Tyrrhenian Sea, dividing into what were to become a Sardinians & a Etruscans.

Still virtually all theories on a original people of Sardinia use at times been formulated before genetic science search & in the traditional frame of east-west movements. Genetic science has currently shown that Sardinians come the pre-Indo-European population and, rather Basque, different from totally encompassing & great deal immature groups.

A density, largeness & sheer size of a architectural remains from either the Neolithic period, points to a considerable people of the island.

Beginning around M BC, Phoenicia mariners established several ports of trade on the Sardinian coast. Inside 509 BC, war broke out between a indigene Nuragic population & the Phoenician settlers. A settlers known as for assist from either Carthage, and the island became a province in the Carthaginian Empire. Within 238 BC, after existence discomfited per Roman Republic during the First Punic War, Carthage ceded Sardinia to Rome.

From either 456 - 534, Sardinia was a a share of the short-transient kingdom of the Vandals in North Africa, until reconquered per Byzantine emperor Justinian I. Under a Byzantines, a royal representative was a judge world health organization governed from either the southern city of Caralis. Byzantine rule was practically lacking in the mountainous Barbagia region in a eastern part of the isl&, and an independent pagan kingdom persisted there from either the sixth across 9th centuries.

Beginning in the eighth century, Arabs and Berbers began raiding Sardinia. Especially when a subjection of Sicily in 832, a Byzantines were unable to profits defend their virtually all distant province, & the provincial judge assumed independent authority. To provide for local defense, he divided a island into quaternary Giudicati, Gallura, Logudoro, Arborea, and Caralis. By 900, these dominion got be quartet independent constitutional monarchies. At various days, these fell under a sway of Genoa and Pisa. Around 1323, the Kingdom of Aragon began a campaign to conquer Sardinia; a giudicato of Arborea with success resisted this & for a period come to control about the entire island, however its go ruler Eleanor of Arborea, was eventually discomfited per Aragonese in the decisive Battle of Sanluri, June 30 1409. A native people of the city of Alghero (''S'Alighera in Sardinian, 50'Alguer'' inside Catalan) was expelled & a city repopulated per Catalan encroacher, whose descendent speak Catalan to this day. Whilst Catalunia became section of Spain and so did Sardinia. Under Spain, Sardinians were regularly listed on the royal Spanish fleet. In October 7 1571, at the Battle of Lepanto, Sardinian mariners in Board a admiralship of Infante Don John of Austria, brother of Felipe II, boarded the Turkish admiralship, overpowered a crew, & severed the head of a Turkish admiral. A sight of the admiral's head in a spear put such the fear in the heart of the Turks, that it abandoned the fight & totally gave up to Christians. This was the number one period Turks misplaced intent on Europeans signal a trend of military decline & defeats from either which Turks never recovered.

Kingdom of Sardinia
Inside 1720 Sardinia became an independent kingdom under the House of Savoy, rulers of Piedmont.

Inside 1792, Jean-Paul Marat, son of a Sardinian father & a Swiss mother, was one of the triumvirate leading the French Revolution.

Around 1860, the King of Sardinia became also a King of Italy after conquering the rest of the peninsula.

Notes